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硬碟資料救援,RAID快速急救
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一．
在單個伺服器上的備份
最常見的備份方法是在命令列上用經典的備份程式tar
.是最通用最簡單也最有用的備份工具
#
tar
cvf
backup.tar
/etc
（备份整个etc
目录及下面的所有子目录和文件）
#gzip
-9
backup.tar
(得到最大的压缩率)
你可以把备份后的backup.tar.gz转存到其它介质，CDR/CDRW光盘，私人信箱等
二．
跨服务器的备份
1．
利用ssh/scp功能直接把文件或目录从一台服务器拷贝到另一台服务器上。
参见文章荟萃中另一篇文章《如何不用密码进行ssh/scp》
2.
利用smbmount先mount另一台服务器上的Samba共享目录到这台机器的某目录下，直接进行cp操作。
如：[root@sh/mnt]#
smbmount
//sh3/pub
/mnt/sh3
-N
将服务器sh3上的Samba共享目录pub
mount到服务器sh上的/mnt/sh3目录下面。且不提示密码
3．
利用NFS功能进行服务器间的备份，有一定程序的安全性问题，在此不多做介绍。
三．
备份到其它介质
你可以备份到磁带，ZIP
drive
,
JAZ
drive
1.
备份到磁带
假设你已经设置并安装好了[wiki]磁带机[/wiki]，本人用的是HP
SuitStore
500,外置，[wiki]SCSI[/wiki]接口。
1.
查看磁带中的目录
tar
tvf
/dev/st0
2.
查看磁带内容并输出到一个文件中
tar
tvf
/dev/st0
>
stlist
3.
备份档案
tar
cvf
/dev/st0
/etc
tar
cvf
/dev/st0
/etc/hosts
/boot
/etc/smb.conf
4.
按指定的文件内容或目录释放出磁带中的相应文件
tar
-T
stlist
-xvf
/dev/st0
tar
xvfz
/dev/st0
/etc/
6.
附加个别文件到磁带后面
tar
-r
/etc/hosts
/etc/passwd
-vf
/dev/st0
7.
从现有磁带中[wiki]删除[/wiki]一个或几个文件
tar
--delete
etc/hosts
-vf
/dev/st0
8.
附加一个现有的tar文档到磁带后面
tar
-A
pamd.tar
-vf
/dev/st0
2．
备份到JAZ
驱动器
7.3
Getting
a
Zip
drive
to
work
（参见Redhat
FAQ:
http://www.redhat.com/support/docs/faqs/rhl_general_faq/FAQ.html
）
There
are
excellent
references
in
the
ZIP
HOWTOs
at
http://www.redhat.com/mirrors/LDP.
Also,
there
is
a
Zip
HOWTO
at:
http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/HOWTO-INDEX-3.html
In
Red
Hat
Linux
6.1,
there
are
a
few
extra
steps
needed
to
get
a
parallel
port
Zip
drive
to
work:
Edit
your
/etc/conf.modules
and
add:
alias
parport_lowlevel
parport_pc
alias
scsi_hostadapter
ppa
Then
log
in
as
root
and
run:
modprobe
ppa
Some
people
have
had
problems
if
they
daisy
chain
a
Zip
drive
off
of
a
chain
with
a
printer
on
it.
Currently,
we
recommend
that
you
use
either
the
printer
or
the
Zip
drive.
For
more
information,
check
www.torque.net/paraport
If
you
are
having
problems
with
an
IDE
Zip
drive,
here
is
further
information:
First
check
and
make
sure
there
is
a
disk
in
the
drive.
Also,
make
sure
you
are
mounting
it
as
partition
4
instead
of
1.
An
ex[wiki]amp[/wiki]le
would
be
hdc4.
The
reason
for
this
is
that
the
Macintosh
uses
partition
4
for
its
data
partition
and
has
problems
if
data
is
on
another
partition.
3备份到
JAZ
驱动器
假定JAQ驱动器为[wiki]SCSI接口[/wiki]，把JAZ驱动器当作SCSI链上的一个[wiki]存储[/wiki]设备即可。
四．
跨操作系统进行备份
1．
把Linux服务器上的数据资料备份到windows
95/98机器上
假定一台windows机器jephe有一完全读写共享目录
data
,且密码为
secret
,现希望把Linux上的
文件备份到这个共享目录下，则先把这个共享可写目录mount到Linux下，再做普通的cp操作
附：在Linux上对Novell服务器上的数据进行备份：（http://www.pcquest.com/linux/netware.asp）
NetWare
And
Linux
Making
your
Linux
server
talk
to
NetWare
servers
and
printers
As
almost
every
office-LAN
has
a
NetWare
server,
your
desktop
client
must
be
able
to
talk
to
NetWare.
This
article
tells
you
how
a
Linux
box
can
access
files
on
a
Novell
server
and
print
to
a
Novell
print
queue.
Linux,
by
default,
uses
the
IP
network
protocol
for
network
communication.
However,
Novell
NetWare
uses
the
IPX
network
protocol.
As
the
Linux
kernel
has
a
completely
new
network
implementation
compared
to
other
operating
systems
like
Unix,
it
supports
a
range
of
non-TCP/IP
protocols
including
the
IPX
protocol.
Kernels
2.x
onwards
have
built-in
IPX
support.
The
Red
Hat
Linux
distributed
on
our
CD-ROM
has
it
too.
The
Linux
kernel
supports
the
IPX
protocol
only.
It
does
not,
yet,
support
protocols
such
as
IPX/RIP,
SAP,
or
NCP.
The
first
step
is
to
configure
your
IPX
interfaces.
Login
as
root
Type
ipx_configure--auto_primary=
on
--auto_interface=on
Wait
for
a
minute
and
type
cat
/proc/net/ipx_interface.
You
should
see
something
like:
Network
Node_Address
Primary
Device
Frame_Type
000000E1
00A0C925164A
Yes
eth0
802.2
4.Type
slist.
You
should
see
a
list
of
the
NetWare
servers
on
your
LAN.
Known
NetWare
File
Servers
Network
Node
Address
D74_SERVER
00000D74
00000000001
If
you
don't,
wait
for
a
few
minutes
and
retry.
If
the
slist
command
displays
a
message
like:
ncp_connect:
Invalid
argument,
then
your
kernel
probably
does
not
support
IPX.
Check
that
you
have
actually
booted
off
the
appropriate
kernel.
When
you
boot
you
should
see
messages
about
IPX
and
ncpfs
in
system
startup
messages.
If
the
slist
command
does
not
list
all
of
your
fileservers,
then
you
may
need
to
use
the
manual
network
configuration
method.
Type
cat
/proc/net/ipx_interface.
You
should
see
something
like:
At
this
point,
your
Linux
box
is
setup
for
IPX
networking.
Check
if
your
kernel
has
support
for
NetWare
NCP
file
system.
The
default
Red
Hat
kernel
has
NCP
file
system
support.
You
simply
have
to
load
the
ncpfs
module
/usr/sbin
/lib/modules/2.0.32/fs/ncpfs.0.
You
can
also
add
the
line
to
your
local
file
to
load
it
automatically
at
the
boot
time.
Once
that
is
done,
Login
as
root
(only
root
can
mount
NetWare
volumes).
Type
mkdir/netware
to
create
a
directory
for
mounting
the
NetWare
volumes.
Type
ncpmount
-S
D74_SERVER
-U
user10
/netware.
You
will
be
prompted
for
a
password
for
user10.
At
this
point
your
server
is
mounted
on
/netware.
The
volumes
are
sub-directories
under
/netware.
So
the
SYS
volume
would
be
/netware/sys
and
the
DATA
volume
would
be
/netware/data.
If
you
only
want
to
mount
a
single
volume,
you
can
use
ncpmount
-S
D74_SERVER
-V
sys
-U
user10
/netware.
This
will
mount
only
the
SYS
volume
to
/netware.
When
you
finish
using
the
Net-Ware
volume,
you
can
unmount
usingncpumount/netware.
Tip:
You
don't
need
to
manually
unmount
NetWare
volumes
when
you
shutdown.
When
you
want
to
share
the
mounted
NetWare
volume
among
other
Linux
users,
you
need
to
understand
file
permissions.
The
NetWare
file
system
doesn't
support
user
IDs
and
group
IDs
for
directories.
So
all
files
and
directories
on
the
mounted
directory
have
the
permissions
as
the
directory
where
it
was
mounted.
For
example,
if
you
type
ls
-ld/netware,
drwxrwxr-x
1
root
root
512
Nov
24
1960
/netware
is
what
you
get.
So,
all
the
NetWare
files
will
have
the
above
file
permissions.
If
you
want
non-root
users
to
mount
NetWare
volumes,
ncpmount
command
must
be
Set
Userid
Root,
so
you
would
need
to
type
chmod
4755
ncpmount
Simplifying
mounting
of
volumes
There
is
another
way
of
configuring
NetWare
mounts-by
creating
a
.nwclient
file
in
your
home
directory.
This
file
contains
details
of
temporary
or
user
specific
NetWare
mounts
that
would
be
performed
regularly.
It
allows
you
to
store
the
details
of
mounts
so
that
you
can
recreate
them
without
specifying
all
details
each
time.
Its
format
is
quite
straightforward:
#
The
first
entry
is
the
'preferred
server'
entry
and
is
#
used
whenever
you
do
not
specify
a
server
explicitly.
#
#
User
USER01
login
to
D74_SERVER
fileserver
with
password
'password'
D74_SERVER/USER01
password
#
#
User
CYBER
login
to
the
CYBER_DOC
fileserver
with
no
password.
CYBER_DOC/CYBER
-
To
activate
these
mounts
you
type
ncpmount/netware
to
mount
D74_SERVER
with
a
login
(say)
TERRY
under
/NetWare
directory.
Note
that
this
entry
was
chosen
because
no
fileserver
was
specified
in
the
mount
command.
Had
we
used
ncpmount
-S
CYBER_DOC
/netware,
then
it
would
mount
CYBER_DOC
with
a
login
of
CYBER
under
/NetWare
directory.
Since
the
passwords
for
your
Novell
accounts
are
not
encrypted,
you
should
protect
them
by
typing
chmod
0600
$HOME/.nwclient.
Printing
to
NetWare
print
queues
Once
you
are
comfortable
accessing
your
files,
you
can
try
printing
to
a
Novell
print
queue.
Use
slist
to
check
that
you
can
see
your
Novell
server.
Type
pqlist
-S
D74_SERVER
-U
USER01
to
list
the
print
queues
on
D74_SERVER.
Type
nprint
-S
D74_SERVER
-U
USER01
-q
DMPQUEUE/etc/passwd.
This
would
print
the
/etc/passwd
file
to
the
DMPQUEUE
print
queue
on
the
D74_SERVER
by
logging
in
as
USER01.
If
you
have
created
your
.nwclient
file,
then
you
can
use
nprint
-q
DMPQUEUE
/etc/passwd
instead.
The
server
and
login
ID
are
taken
from
the
.nwclient
file.
Ensure
that
the
queue
names
are
in
capitals.
Check
your
Novell
print
queue
from
a
DOS
client
using
PCONSOLE.
You
should
see
a
printjob
called
No
Description
in
the
DMPQUEUE.
Printing
using
nprint
is
tedious-first
it
requires
you
to
print
to
a
file
and
then
submit
using
nprint.
You
can
automate
this
by
setting
up
a
Linux
print
queue,
which
automatically
sends
it
to
the
NetWare
print
queue.
The
following
steps
are
a
bit
confusing
and
reading
about
Unix
printing
in
the
Printing
HOW-TO
would
be
beneficial.
The
following
steps
tell
you
how
to
configure
a
NetWare
print
queue
for
Red
Hat
Linux.
Copy
Netwareprint.tgz
from
the
CD-ROM
to
the
/tmp
directory.
cd
/;tar
xzvf
/tmp/netwareprint.tgz.
This
will
replace
/usr/bin/printtool,
/usr/lib/rhs/rhs-printfilters/master-filter,
and
/usr/lib/rhs/rhs-printfilters/nwprint,
with
the
latest
versions.
If
you
aren't
already
in
X
Windows,
start
by
typing
startx.
If
the
graphical
control
panel
is
not
visible,
start
it
by
typing
control-panel
&
in
an
XTerm.
Click
the
printer
icon
in
the
control
panel.
You
should
see
a
list
of
printers
currently
configured
for
Linux.
Click
Add.
A
dialog
box
with
various
supported
print
queues
appears.
Select
Novell
Netware
print
queue.
In
Printer
name,
enter
nwqueue.
Enter
D74_SERVER
and
DMPQUEUE
for
the
NetWare
server
and
print
queue.
Ensure
that
the
queue
names
are
in
capitals.
Enter
the
user
name
and
password
if
needed.
If
you
have
a
password,
you
must
enter
it
here
because
it
will
not
prompt
you
for
a
password
during
printing.
In
the
filter
type,
select
the
appropriate
printer
type.
If
your
laser
printer
supports
postscript
printing,
please
use
Postscript
printer.
Click
OK
and
you'll
see
a
new
printer
called
nwqueue
in
the
list
of
printers.
Select
nwqueue
from
the
list
and
click
Test
Print
from
the
menu.
Use
a
DOS
client
with
PCONSOLE
to
check
the
DMPQUEUE.
You
should
see
a
new
print
job
in
the
queue.
In
case
it
doesn't
work,
try
mounting
a
volume
from
the
server
D74_SERVER
(on
which
the
print
queue
resides).
Now
your
printing
should
be
set-up.
To
print
/etc
/passwd,
type
lpr
-Pnwqueue
/etc/passwd
at
your
prompt.
To
print
from
Netscape,
use
the
command
lpr
-Pnwqueue
to
print.
Alternatively,
you
could
always
print
to
a
file
and
use
nprint
to
print
it
manually.
Utility
commands
Recent
versions
of
Volker's
ncpfs
package
include
a
range
of
user
and
administration
commands.
The
tools
are
built
and
installed
as
part
of
the
ncpfs
installation
process.
Though
each
has
a
detailed
manual
page,
here
is
a
summary
of
each
from
the
IPX-HOWTO.
ncopy
(Network
Copy):
Allows
efficient
file
copying
using
a
NetWare
function
rather
than
a
copy
across
the
network.
nsend
(Network
Send):
Allows
you
to
send
messages
to
other
users
on
a
NetWare
server.
nwbols
(List
Bindery
Objects):
Allows
you
to
list
the
bindery
contents
of
a
NetWare
server.
nwboprops
(List
Properties
of
a
Bindery
Object):
Allows
you
to
view
the
properties
of
a
NetWare
bindery
object.
nwfsinfo
(Fileserver
Information):
Prints
summary
information
about
NetWare
server.
nwpasswd
(NetWare
Password):
Allows
you
to
change
NetWare
users
password.
nwrights
(NetWare
Rights):
Displays
the
rights
associated
with
a
particular
file
or
directory.
nwuserlist
(Userlist):
Lists
the
users
currently
logged
into
a
NetWare
fileserver.
pqlist
(Print
Queue
List):
Displays
the
contents
of
a
NetWare
print
queue.
slist
(Server
List):
Displays
a
list
of
known
NetWare
fileservers.
NDS
and
Linux
A
Linux
distribution
by
Caldera
features
a
range
of
commercially
supported
enhancements
including
fully
functional
Novell
NetWare
client
support.
The
base
distribution
is
the
well-respected
Red
Hat
Linux.
Caldera
has
added
its
Network
Desktop
products
to
it.
The
NetWare
support
provides
a
fully
featured
Novell
NetWare
client
built
on
a
technology
licensed
from
Novell.
The
client
provides
full-client
access
to
Novell
3.x
and
4.x
fileservers,
and
includes
features
such
as
NetWare
Directory
Service
(NDS)
and
RSA
encryption.
If
you
work
within
a
NetWare
4.x
or
NDS
environment,
then
the
Caldera
NetWare
Client
is
the
only
solution
available.
You
can
obtain
much
more
information
and
ordering
details
from
the
Caldera
Web
server
at
www.caldera.com/.
Useful
documents
To
get
more
information
on
IPX
and
NetWare
support,
read
the
IPX-HOWTO.
This
document
presumes
that
you
understand
how
to
build
a
Linux
kernel
with
the
appropriate
networking
options
selected,
and
that
you
know
how
to
use
the
basic
networking
tools
such
as
ifconfig
and
route.
If
you
do
not,
read
the
NET-3-HOWTO
(NET-3-HOWTO.html).
Some
other
Linux
HOWTO
documents
that
might
be
useful
are:
The
Ethernet-HOWTO
(Ethernet-HOWTO.html),
which
describes
the
details
of
configuring
an
Ethernet
device
for
Linux;
the
PPP-HOWTO
(PPP-HOWTO.html),
which
explains
the
available
IPX
support
for
version
2.2.0d
and
later
of
the
Linux
PPP
implementation.
Latest
versions
of
these
files
can
be
obtained
from
sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/IPX-HOWTO.
In
your
Linux
box,
the
HOW-TOs
are
located
in
the
/usr/doc/HOWTO
directory
in
a
compressed
format.
To
view
these
files,
type
zless
IPX-HOWTO.gz.
Divya
Mahajan
五．
利用
Raid
1功能进行镜像备份。
把有重要数据的单独分区进行raid
1
镜像，用两个[wiki]硬盘[/wiki]，对数据分区给以同样大小的柱面数和大小
附：在RedHat
6.0里设置[wiki]RAID[/wiki]
(http://www.tt.tzptt.zj.cn/linux/useskill/raid.htm)
《Linux
公报》……让Linux更富魅力！
目录:
资源
RAID介绍
设置RAID条带(RAID
Strip)
设置RAID镜象
使用一个空闲的设备设置RAID
5
注解
你可以在这个地址
http://www.tcu-inc.com/mark/articles/Raid.html找到本文的最新版本。
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资源
http://ostenfeld.dk/~jakob/Software-RAID.HOWTO/
/usr/doc/raidtools-0.90
这些文章介绍了硬件细节，这部份内容在本文中不会涉及。
这是DPT
HOWTO的地址,
http://www.ram.org/computing/linux/dpt_raid.html
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RAID介绍
我建议你读一读jakob@ostenfeld.dk写的软件RAID
HOWTO。很明显，他是个丹麦人。丹麦是
一个住着许多聪明人的世界上最好的国家。他的这篇HOWTO写得非常好，也许我根本就没有
必要写这篇文章。我之所以写这篇文章是因为文档一般来说都写得不大容易懂，当然现在情况
已有很大的改观。本文中介绍的安装是在RedHat
6.0上进行的，我认为在其他的Linux版本中
应该也能用。我什么时候会转去用Debian呢？我希望能尽快。
什么是RAID？简单的说，它可以让你在几个硬盘上做些有趣的事。它可以让你把几个硬盘合并
起来，把数据分散地存放在这几个硬盘中。它可以提高往硬盘读写数据的速度，也可以在硬盘
上备份数据。这样即使你有一个硬盘坏了，你还可以从其他的硬盘中恢复所有的数据。你可以
读读软件RAID
HOWTO中有关RAID级别的部份来更好的了解不同类型的软件RAID。
为了试验本文中的例子，你需要设置一些小的分区。我建议你设置一个1G的扩展分区，然后在
这个扩展分区上建一些100兆的逻辑分区。请千万要记住，你只能在一个无关紧要的硬盘上进行
试验。如果你毁了这个硬盘上的数据，那是你自己的错。即使我的文章中写得不对，你也必需
对自己的所作所为负责。
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RAID条带(strip
RAID)
我只准备介绍如何设置RAID条带来存放数据。也就是说，我不会把操作系统的主要部份放在RAID
条带上。用RAID条带来存放整个系统会带来一些问题，所以我不准备这么做。
简单的说，在Linux系统上设置RAID条带需要四个步骤。条带把数据存放在两个或更多的硬盘
(实际上是分区)上，这些数据有一半是在一个硬盘上，另一半在另一个硬盘上。这样可以提高
硬盘读写的速度，因为数据是从两个硬盘上同时读出来的。再说一次，你可以在HOWTO读到更
详细的内容。
首先，我们要配置/dev/md0，然后我们要[wiki]格式化[/wiki]这些分区，接下来要配置/etc/rc.d/rc.local
来激活RAID，最后要配置/etc/rc.d/rc.local来把这些设备安装到某个目录。
具体步骤
现在，我要使用一些小窍门。我认为大多数的低端用户并没有两个硬盘，所以我要使用同一个
硬盘上的两个分区而不是两个硬盘。建立一个有两个逻辑分区的扩展分区。这两个分区，
/dev/hda5和/dev/hda6，的大小必需一样。在同一个硬盘上的两个分区之间进行RAID条带是
没有任何意义的，即使是在同一个IDE控制器的不同硬盘上这么做也是没有意义的。请记住，
这只不过是个练习。
在
/etc/raidtab中这么写：
raiddev
/dev/md0
raid-level
0
nr-raid-disks
2
nr-spare-disks
0
chunk-size
4
persistent-superblock
1
device
/dev/hda5
raid-disk
0
device
/dev/hda6
raid-disk
1
使用以下命令格式化分区
mkraid
/dev/md0
如果你在用"mkraid"命令时出了些问题，它应该会给出如何解决问题的提示。然后执行如下命令：
mkfs
-t
ext2
/dev/md0
接着，你可以在"/proc/mdstat"文件中查raid的状态。
cat
/proc/mdstat
执行以下命令会在/etc/rc.d/rc.local中增加一行
echo
"raidstart
/dev/md0"
>>
/etc/rc.d/rc.local
把这个命令执行一次。这可以为RAID设备建好目录并在/etc/rc.d/rc.local中增加一条命令。
mkdir
/RAID
echo
"mount
/dev/md0
/RAID"
>>
/etc/rc.d/rc.local
如果你不想重启动计算机，你现在就可以激活RAID，
raidstart
/dev/md0
mount
/dev/md0
/RAID
你可以用此命令来检查已经安装的目录。
df
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RAID镜象
和以上的例子一样，我要使用同一个硬盘上的两个分区，并且我也只对数据分区进行镜象。
首先，设置/dev/md0，然后格式化分区，接着配置/etc/rc.d/rc.local来激活raid，最后配置
/etc/rc.d/rc.local来把镜象设备安装到一个目录下。
如下设置
/etc/raidtab
raiddev
/dev/md0
raid-level
1
nr-raid-disks
2
nr-spare-disks
0
chunk-size
4
persistent-superblock
1
device
/dev/hda5
raid-disk
0
device
/dev/hda6
raid-disk
1
用以下命令格式化分区
mkraid
/dev/md0
如果你在用"mkraid"命令时出了些问题，它应该会给出如何解决问题的提示。然后执行如下命令：
mkfs
-t
ext2
/dev/md0
接着，你可以在"/proc/mdstat"文件中查raid的状态。
cat
/proc/mdstat
执行以下命令会在/etc/rc.d/rc.local中增加一行
echo
"raidstart
/dev/md0"
>>
/etc/rc.d/rc.local
把这个命令执行一次。这可以为RAID设备建好目录并在/etc/rc.d/rc.local中增加一条命令。
mkdir
/RAID
echo
"mount
/dev/md0
/RAID"
>>
/etc/rc.d/rc.local
如果你不想重启动计算机，你现在就可以激活RAID，
raidstart
/dev/md0
mount
/dev/md0
/RAID
你可以用此命令来检查已经安装的目录。
df
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使用空闲的分区设置RAID
5
使用一个空闲的设备来试验RAID
5是一件很酷的事。我们还是只用一个硬盘。一般来说，我都会
建立一个100M的逻辑分区来进行试验。如果你有一个1G的扩展的分区，那你就可以有10个逻辑
分区来进行各种试验。
具体的步骤和以上介绍的镜象以及条带一样，把配置文件按以下修改。
raiddev
/dev/md0
raid-level
5
nr-raid-disks
7
nr-spare-disks
1
persistent-superblock
1
parity-algorithm
left-symmetric
chunk-size
32
device
/dev/hda5
raid-disk
0
device
/dev/hda6
raid-disk
1
device
/dev/hda7
raid-disk
2
device
/dev/hda8
raid-disk
3
device
/dev/hda9
raid-disk
4
device
/dev/hda10
raid-disk
5
device
/dev/hda11
raid-disk
6
###
Also,
let
us
have
a
spare
device
device
/dev/hda12
spare-disk
0
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注解
请使用/etc/rc.d/rc.local来安装raid设备，而不要用/etc/fstab。如果你想用/etc/fstab，
你尽可以试一试。这多半没有用，但有些人就是喜欢自己试试看(就象我一样)。
这些文档以前写得挺难懂得，但这些HOWTO已经更新过了，这些工具也变得更好用了。现在，在
这些例子的帮助下，任何一个会用Linux的人都可以设置一个raid设备。希望这可以帮助降低RAID
服务器的价钱。
如果你想更好的使用软件RAID,请用U2W
SCSI控制器，象Adaptec控制器或其他的好品牌，如DPT,Mylex等。
对于只需要镜象而不考虑速度的比较便宜的raid，也可以使用IDE控制器。如果你想更进一步使用硬件RAID，
有几个公司支持Linux的硬件RAID。
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Mark在
The
Computer
Underground
公司当一个接待员(短裤，T恤)，在800linux.com当专业人员
(西装领带)。在空余时间做一些志愿工作，比如写一些象本文一样的文章来帮助那些需要帮助的人。
本文使用emacs和ispell编辑。基隆市,台北市,台北縣,桃園縣,新竹縣,新竹市,苗栗縣,台中縣,台中市,彰化縣,南投縣,雲林縣,嘉義縣,嘉義市,台南縣,台南市,高雄縣,高雄市,屏東縣,澎湖,金門,馬祖,中國大陸,From InToHard